March 12 News, Prediction Market Platform Kalshi has filed a lawsuit in the U.S. Federal Court in Iowa, alleging that local regulators may soon take enforcement action to prevent its sports event contract products from operating in the state. The lawsuit targets Iowa Attorney General Brenna Bird, the Iowa Horse Racing and Gaming Commission, and its board members. Kalshi stated that the state government is “highly likely” to impose restrictions on its federally regulated contract products, and therefore seeks legal protection in advance.
According to the complaint, a Kalshi representative previously met with Brenna Bird’s office, initially to discuss a tax bill under review by the Iowa legislature. However, during the meeting, multiple legal advisors, including the Deputy Attorney General’s team, participated and raised a series of questions regarding the company’s product compliance. The regulators focused on whether these federally regulated prediction market contracts violate Iowa law.
After the meeting, Kalshi contacted the Attorney General’s office to seek a clear assurance that no enforcement action would be taken. However, the state government refused to make any commitments and responded in writing that it “will not guarantee any future enforcement actions.” As a result, Kalshi believes its business faces immediate and significant legal risks in the state.
In the lawsuit, Kalshi argues that federal law takes precedence in regulating such products. The company points out that as a federally approved designated contract market, its operations are overseen by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), and state laws should not restrict its activities. Kalshi contends that sports event prediction contracts are financial derivatives, not traditional gambling activities.
However, regulators in several U.S. states hold different views. Many state gaming authorities believe that contracts allowing users to bet on sports outcomes are essentially gambling and must comply with state gaming regulations and licensing requirements.
Currently, federal court rulings on similar cases in the U.S. are inconsistent. Recently, the federal court in Ohio dismissed Kalshi’s request to prevent local regulators from taking enforcement action, ruling that the company failed to sufficiently prove that its products are fully under CFTC jurisdiction. Previously, a Massachusetts court also ruled to prohibit Kalshi from offering event contracts in that state.
Meanwhile, some jurisdictions have issued more favorable rulings for Kalshi. For example, federal courts in New Jersey and Tennessee issued temporary orders blocking state regulators from taking action against its sports event contracts. As more states enter regulatory disputes, the legal status of prediction markets in the U.S. continues to evolve.
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